UNIT 11: THE SPANISH MONARCHY
BEHALF
As a representative of someone.
CITY COUNCILS
Administrative city councils that
represented the interests of colonial land owners to the crown.
CLAIMANT
Someone who claims a title.
CORTES
A representative assembly made up of
members of the nobility, clergy, and important citizens.
DENOUNCE
To speak out against.
DYNASTY
A succession of monarchs from the same
family who hold power from one generation to another.
DISDAIN
To look down on and dislike.
ENCOMIENDA
A system in Spanish America which gave
leading Spaniards authority.
FINE ARTS
Painting, drawing, writing, etc.
FLEET SYSTEM
A protective convoy system that grouped
galleons together when they crossed the Atlantic.
GOVERNOR
A government official responsable for
ruling a province.
HEGEMONY
The position of being the most poerful
and therefore able to control others.
HOLY LEAGUE
Alliance between Felipe II, the Church,
and Italy.
HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR
A series of conflicts from 1137 to 1453
between England and France.
INVINCIBLE ARMADA
The fleet that Felipe II sent to invade
England unsuccessfully in 1588.
MESTIZO
In Spanish America, a person of mixed
White and native origin.
MORISCO
A Muslim convert to Christianity after
the whole Iberian Peninsula became Christian in 1492.
OPULENT
Rich and luxurious.
PASSAGEWAY
A channel between two areas.
PEACE OF AUGSBURG
A treaty signed in 1555 that legally
divided protestant kingdoms from the Holy Roman Empire.
PENINSULAR SPANIARD
In Spanish America, a White person who
was born in Spain.
RESTRAIN
To limit from growing.
RIVAL
A person who tries to compete with
another.
UNITED PROVINCES
Seventeen protestant provinces in the
Netherlands that declared their Independence from Spain.
VALIDO
A royal favourite who governed on behalf
of the monarch.
VICEROY
A Royal official who ruled a very large
territory called a Viceroyalty in the name of the monarch.
WIPE OUT
To annihilate or kill off.
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